The most common motor stereotypes in childhood

Motor stereotypes (MS) are classified as hyperkinetic movement disorders. They are manifested by repetitive, rhythmic, seemingly free movements with a typical beginning in early childhood. They are divided into two groups, primary and physiological, which we observe in children with normal development and secondary associated with various disorders of nervous development, such as autism, mental retardation, but also rare genetic syndromes (eg Rettuv sy in girls) Comorbidity with tic disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is common. Provoking factors are typically stress, agitation, but also boredom or fatigue. The pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. Stereotypes are usually transient in children with normal development, other times any therapy fails and may remain into adulthood.

Keywords: primary and secondary motor stereotypes, ASD (autism spectrum disorders), tics, ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder).